World of Metallurgy ERZMETALL 68 2015 No 3 155 Paul B Queneau et al Recycling Lead and Zinc in the United States In 2013 approximately 83 of U S zinc output came from secondary sources The total output primary plus second ary was 712 000 tons Apparent U S zinc consumption in 2013 totaled 1 670 000 tons 46 from secondary sources About 21 percent of the recycled zinc 125 000 tons came from red metal scrap consumed in the production of brass and bronze alloys Table 4 An additional 177 000 tons was derived from secondaries recycled by domestic secondary zinc smelters Zinc derived from electric arc furnace EAF dust 150 000 tons Table 4 and Table 7 as scrap recycled by either zinc base alloyers or diecasters about 60 000 tons Table 4 and Secondary tons of contained Zn approx Primary tons of contained Zn approx Horsehead Holding Monaca total output 125 000 From EAF dust 110 000 Nystar Clarksville from mined zinc in concentrates 86 500 From Millport CZO 19 500 Zinc Nacional Millport total output from EAF dust as crude zinc oxide 44 000 U S Zinc Votorantim Metals 177 000 32 000 Secondary Zn in red metal scrap to produce brass and bronze 125 000 Returns from diecasters to alloyers plus outside purchases by alloyers 60 000 Zinc sulfate produced for agriculture 26 400 Secondary ZnCl2 including Honeywell s byproduct Tonnage varies Baton Rouge LA 6 500 Byproduct ZnO 78 from ChemTrade s hydrosulfite Leeds SC Kalama WA 20 000 Miscellaneous recycled zinc including zinc recycled from general galvanizers 10 000 Zinc imports for consumption 172 000 796 000 Refined zinc exports 15 000 U S apparent Zn consumption 1 670 000 tons from all sources 46 was secondary U S primary secondary Zn output 712 000 tons 83 was secondary New scrap recycled internally and changes in industry stock are not included in these totals 20 000 tons of Millport Zn output was exported by Zinc Nacional to Mexico Includes unwrought wrought dross ash fume powder flake dust scrap and chemicals Table 4 Sources of secondary zinc in the United States 2013 Table 5 Zinc production from secondaries tons contained Zn for agriculture in the United States 2014 Company and Location 2014 production t Contained Zn tons ZnSO4 H2O Granular powder Oxysulfate ZnO ZnSO4 Granular Micromix ZnSO4 Liquid Agrium Fairbury NE 25 000 35 5 Zn 0 10 000 12 Zn 10 100 Agrium Reese MI 0 10 000 20 Zn 0 2 000 Cameron Chemical Suffolk VA 0 6000 31 36 40 Zn 0 2 200 Frit Industries Walnut Ridge AR 0 1500 25 30 36 Zn 0 500 Kronos Micronutrients Moxee City WA 6000 33 5 35 5 Zn 0 1500 12 Zn 2 200 Madison Industries Old Bridge NJ 26 000 35 5 Zn 0 1200 12 Zn 9 400 Total tons 57 000 tons 17 500 tons gran micro 12 700 Liquid 26 400 Contained zinc Agrium shut down its zinc sulfate monohydrate production at Fairbury in December 2014 Table 6 Secondary zinc chloride plants in the United States 2014 Company and location ZnCl2 tons a 62 5 Liquid Basis Contained Zn tons a Comments Mineral Research De velopment Freeport TX 4800 tons to ZnCl2 liquid anhydrous ZnCl2 ZnNH4Cl liquid and dry ZnNH4Cl 1450 tons React ZnO with byproduct HCl buys Honeywell byproduct ZnCl2 from spent catalyst Baton Rouge LA Nulex Sioux City IA Ammoniated liquid ZnCl2 including product with sulfate addition 20 Zn 15 Zn 5 S 10 Zn 5 S 1300 tons React skims with byproduct HCl purchase Honeywell byproduct ZnCl2 Old Bridge Chemicals Old Bridge NJ 4200 tons to ZnCl2 liquid to agriculture 1250 tons Primarily by leaching milled brass skims and zinc skims plus brass baghouse dust with byproduct HCl Zaclon Cleveland OH 1700 tons from customer recycle returns 500 tons React ZnO with byproduct HCl Purchase Honeywell ZnCl2 Zaclon is a major supplier of ZnNH4Cl flux to steel galvanizers Total tons 15 000 tons 4500 tons

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